![]() ![]() Prisoners were beaten, tortured, and executed for the most trivial reasons. In May 1940, German criminals brought to the camp as functionaries established the camp's reputation for sadism. The bulk of inmates were Polish for the first two years. The initial transport of political detainees to Auschwitz consisted almost solely of Poles for whom the camp was initially established. The camps became a major site of the Nazis' final solution to the Jewish question.Īfter Germany sparked World War II by invading Poland in September 1939, the Schutzstaffel (SS) converted Auschwitz I, an army barracks, into a prisoner-of-war camp. It consisted of Auschwitz I, the main camp ( Stammlager) in Oświęcim Auschwitz II-Birkenau, a concentration and extermination camp with gas chambers Auschwitz III-Monowitz, a labor camp for the chemical conglomerate IG Farben and dozens of subcamps. ![]() Auschwitz Birkenau, German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940–1945)Īuschwitz concentration camp ( German: Konzentrationslager Auschwitz ( pronounced ( listen)) also KL Auschwitz or KZ Auschwitz) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. ![]()
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